[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcsp.sk\/nove-evolucne-vyzvy-pre-galapagy\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.pcsp.sk\/nove-evolucne-vyzvy-pre-galapagy\/","headline":"Nov\u00e9 evolu\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy pre Galap\u00e1gy","name":"Nov\u00e9 evolu\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy pre Galap\u00e1gy","description":"V\u0161etko za\u010dal sl\u00e1vny Charles Darwin Ke\u010f pred takmer 200 rokmi vst\u00fapil na Galap\u00e1gy Charles Darwin, u\u017e\u00edval si poh\u013ead na raj na Zemi. Podobn\u00fd v\u00fdh\u013ead sa naskyt\u00e1 aj dne\u0161n\u00fdm cestovate\u013eom. Nie je v\u0161ak v\u0161etko tak, ako to vyzer\u00e1! \u010casopis National Geographic ned\u00e1vno priniesol \u010dl\u00e1nok, ktor\u00fd tento stav dokumentuje. Jon Witman sa vydal na ostrovy s\u00a0jasn\u00fdm cie\u013eom \u2013 presk\u00fama\u0165 vplyv klimatick\u00fdm zmien … ","datePublished":"2017-05-25","dateModified":"2023-04-26","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcsp.sk\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.pcsp.sk\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faace62981be50719be6a25151192978e6d585737a520836dcb98934de3bb45?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faace62981be50719be6a25151192978e6d585737a520836dcb98934de3bb45?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"pcsp.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcsp.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a281503_w16469_t1500992499.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.pcsp.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a281503_w16469_t1500992499.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.pcsp.sk\/nove-evolucne-vyzvy-pre-galapagy\/","wordCount":498,"articleBody":"V\u0161etko za\u010dal sl\u00e1vny Charles DarwinKe\u010f pred takmer 200 rokmi vst\u00fapil na Galap\u00e1gy Charles Darwin, u\u017e\u00edval si poh\u013ead na raj na Zemi. Podobn\u00fd v\u00fdh\u013ead sa naskyt\u00e1 aj dne\u0161n\u00fdm cestovate\u013eom. Nie je v\u0161ak v\u0161etko tak, ako to vyzer\u00e1!\u010casopis National Geographic ned\u00e1vno priniesol \u010dl\u00e1nok, ktor\u00fd tento stav dokumentuje. Jon Witman sa vydal na ostrovy s\u00a0jasn\u00fdm cie\u013eom \u2013 presk\u00fama\u0165 vplyv klimatick\u00fdm zmien na \u0161pecifick\u00e9 druhy ob\u00fdvaj\u00face tieto oblasti a\u00a0odhadn\u00fa\u0165 ak\u00fd osud ich \u010dak\u00e1.S\u00a0ohrievan\u00edm sa plan\u00e9ty sa menia podmienky ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo, a\u00a0to aj na izolovan\u00fdch Galap\u00e1gskych ostrovoch. Druhy zn\u00e1me z\u00a0Darwinovych diel, ako korytna\u010dky, suly, pinky alebo morsk\u00e9 legu\u00e1ny, sa pasuj\u00fa s\u00a0probl\u00e9mami, ktor\u00e9 im modern\u00e1 doba priniesla. Presl\u00e1ven\u00fd op\u00edsan\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m n\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017ee u\u0161tedri\u0165 \u010fal\u0161iu lekciu. Toto pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 laborat\u00f3rium reaguje na klimatick\u00e9 zmeny. Tie sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa nielen teploty, ale aj zr\u00e1\u017eok,\u00a0oce\u00e1nskych a\u00a0pobre\u017en\u00fdch podmienok.\u00a0Galap\u00e1gy dnesNieko\u013eko metrov pod hladinou mora sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa koraly. Druh Porites lobata by mal h\u00fdri\u0165 pestrou zelenou farbou, ale namiesto toho sa tieto koralov\u00e9 \u010dasti belej\u00fa. Tieto koraly bledn\u00fa a\u00a0\u010doskoro bud\u00fa m\u0155tve. Ide o\u00a0reakciu na pr\u00edli\u0161 tepl\u00fa vodu.\u010eal\u0161\u00edm smutn\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom s\u00fa hladuj\u00face morsk\u00e9 legu\u00e1ny. Tieto plazy sa \u017eivia riasami, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 na pobre\u017e\u00ed. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie jedince sa pre riasy pot\u00e1paj\u00fa hlb\u0161ie do oce\u00e1nu. Probl\u00e9mom je, \u017ee riasam sa v\u00a0teplej vode nedar\u00ed, umieraj\u00fa a\u00a0morsk\u00e9 legu\u00e1ny t\u00fdm trpia.Pod\u013ea zisten\u00ed Witmana a\u00a0jeho kolegov je pr\u00ed\u010dinou teplota. Teplota je monitorovan\u00e1 u\u017e 40 rokov. V\u00a0roku 2016 sa teplota nameran\u00e1 pri ponoroch vy\u0161plhala na 31 \u00b0C, \u010do je o\u00a04 \u00b0C viac ako dlhodob\u00fd priemer v\u00a0regi\u00f3ne. Vzrastaj\u00fa obavy, \u017ee dramatick\u00e9 zmeny usmrtia nielen tento druh, ale aj \u010fal\u0161ie koraly.\u00a0Bud\u00facnos\u0165 Galap\u00e1gskych ostrovovSitu\u00e1cia v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 e\u0161te hor\u0161ia. Modely ukazuj\u00fa tie\u017e mo\u017enos\u0165 drastickej zmeny tepl\u00f4t v\u00a0rovn\u00edkov\u00fdch oblastiach, v\u00a0porovnan\u00ed so zvy\u0161kom Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu. Andrew Wittenberg, fyzik z\u00a0N\u00e1rodnej atmosf\u00e9rickej a\u00a0oce\u00e1nskej spr\u00e1vy (NOAA), predpoved\u00e1 do roku 2100 zv\u00fd\u0161enie hladiny oce\u00e1nov o\u00a056 a\u017e 76 cm. Vedci sa taktie\u017e domnievaj\u00fa, \u017ee otep\u013eovanie v\u00f4d v\u00a0chladn\u00fdch obdobiach zredukuj\u00fa hust\u00fa hmlu, ktor\u00e1 pokr\u00fdva Galap\u00e1gsku d\u017eung\u013eu po takmer 50\u00a0000 rokov. \u010ealej, ak bud\u00fa svetov\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny absorbova\u0165 oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd produkovan\u00fd \u013eu\u010fmi, Galap\u00e1gy s\u00fa kandid\u00e1tom na prekyslenie oce\u00e1nu, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee naru\u0161i\u0165 uhl\u00edkov\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru koralov a\u00a0m\u00e4kk\u00fd\u0161ov.Tieto zmeny zasahuj\u00fa morsk\u00e9 aj suchozemsk\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy. Samozrejme, pre organizmy je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 sa nov\u00fdm podmienkam v\u00a0rekordne kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase. Inou ot\u00e1zkou je \u010di sa im to v\u00f4bec podar\u00ed. \u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.2\/5 - (10 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Nov\u00e9 evolu\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy pre Galap\u00e1gy","item":"https:\/\/www.pcsp.sk\/nove-evolucne-vyzvy-pre-galapagy\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]